Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder among women of reproductive age, affecting approximately 10% of women worldwide. This condition leads to the formation of small cysts on the ovaries, along with hormonal imbalances, causing a wide range of symptoms that impact overall health and fertility.

At Janin Medical Center, we aim to educate women about this condition, provide accurate diagnosis, and offer effective treatment to enhance quality of life and fertility.

What is PCOS?

PCOS is a condition that affects ovarian function, leading to:

1. Abnormal hormone production
   Increased levels of male hormones (androgens), causing hormonal imbalance.

2. Irregular ovulation
   Failure to release eggs regularly.

3. Formation of small cysts
   The accumulation of harmless small cysts on the ovaries, preventing the natural development of eggs.

Causes of PCOS

1. Genetic factors
   A family history of PCOS increases the risk of developing the condition.

2. Excess insulin production
   High insulin levels trigger increased androgen production, which interferes with ovulation.

3. Hormonal imbalances
   Such as elevated prolactin levels or disorders of the pituitary gland.

4. Unhealthy lifestyle
   Including lack of physical activity and obesity.

Symptoms of PCOS

1. Irregular menstrual cycles, with delayed or absent periods
2. Weight gain or difficulty losing weight, particularly in the abdominal area
3. Acne, caused by increased androgens
4. Excess hair growth in unwanted areas, such as the face and chest
5. Hair thinning or hair loss, due to elevated male hormones
6. Difficulty conceiving, due to irregular ovulation
7. Psychological issues, such as anxiety and depression resulting from hormonal imbalances

Risks of Untreated PCOS

1. Infertility, due to ovulatory dysfunction
2. Increased risk of diabetes, due to insulin resistance
3. High blood pressure and heart disease, caused by vascular complications
4. Endometrial cancer, due to thickened uterine lining from irregular menstrual cycles
5. Psychological complications, including depression and anxiety from hormonal changes and associated health risks

PCOS Diagnosis at Janin Medical Center

1. Medical history review to assess symptoms and menstrual cycle patterns
2. Physical examination to check for signs such as excess hair growth or skin changes
3. Laboratory tests to measure hormone levels, including androgens, prolactin, and insulin
4. Ultrasound imaging to detect ovarian cysts and assess endometrial thickness

PCOS Treatment at Janin Medical Center

1. Lifestyle Modifications

• Losing 5-10% of body weight can significantly improve symptoms
• Following a healthy diet rich in fiber and low in carbohydrates
• Engaging in regular physical activity

2. Medications

• Regulating menstrual cycles with birth control pills
• Inducing ovulation with medications such as Clomiphene or Letrozole
• Managing insulin resistance with medications like Metformin

3. Hormonal Therapy

• Reducing excess hair growth and acne with anti-androgen medications

4. Assisted Reproductive Technologies

• In cases of infertility, we offer intrauterine insemination (IUI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF)

5. Surgical Options

• In some cases, ovarian drilling is performed to stimulate ovulation

Tips to Prevent PCOS Complications

• Maintain a balanced diet rich in antioxidants, such as berries and pomegranate
• Engage in regular exercise to manage weight and improve insulin sensitivity
• Undergo routine medical check-ups for early detection of ovarian issues
• Reduce stress using relaxation techniques such as yoga

Conclusion

PCOS is a common but manageable condition with early diagnosis and proper treatment. At Janin Medical Center, we provide comprehensive care to help you manage symptoms and improve fertility.

Do not hesitate to contact us for the medical support you need.